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英语名词单复数用法大全
一、 规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或—es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下: 1 、一般情况在词尾加—s: map-maps, sea—seas, girl—girls, day—days
2 、以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加—es: class—classes, box-boxes, watch—watches, dish-dishes
3 、以—f或-fe结尾的词 变—f和-fe为v再加—es: leaf—leaves, thief—thieves, knife—knives, loaf-loaves, wife—wives;加-s: belief—beliefs, chief—chiefs, proof—proofs, roof—roofs, gulf—gulfs
4 、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加—es :party-parties, family—families, story—stories, city-cities
5 、以音辅字母加y结尾的名词,或专有名词以y结尾的,加—s toy-toys, boy-boys, day—days, ray—rays, Henry—Henrys 6 、以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-es:hero—heroes, Negro—Negroes, potato—potatoes, tomato-tomatoes;不少外来词加—s: piano—pianos, photo-photos, auto—autos, kilo—kilos, solo-solos
两者皆可:zero—zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos
7 、以元音字母加—o结尾的名词加-s:radio—radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo—zoos 8 、以-th结尾的名词加—s:truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month—months, path—paths
二、不规则名词复数:
英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下:
1、改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式:man-men, woman—women, foot-feet, goose—geese, mouse—mice
2、单复数相同:sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin, 3、只有复数形式:ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents 4、一些集体名词总是用作复数:people, police, cattle, staff
5、部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可以作复数(成员): audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party
6、复数形式表示特别含义:customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)
7、表示“某国人"加—s:Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans;单复数同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese;以—man或-woman结尾的改为men,—women,Englishmen, Frenchwomen 8、合成名词将主体名词变为复数:sons—in—law, lookers—on, passers—by, story—tellers, boy friends;
无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数:grown—ups, housewives, stopwatches;将两部分变为复数:women singers, men servants
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