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Objective: Despite a call for empathy in medical settings, little is known about the effects of theempathy of health care professionals on patient outcomes. This review investigates the linksbetween physicians’ or nurses’ empathy and patient outcomes in oncology.
目的：尽管在医疗环境中呼吁同理心，但是关于医护人员的同理心对于病人治疗效果的影响的研究还是很少。这个系统回顾研究了医生或护士的同理心与肿瘤患者治疗效果之间的联系。 Method: With the use of multiple databases, a systematic search was performed using a combinationof terms and subject headings of empathy or perspective taking or clinician–patient
communication,oncology or end-of-life setting and physicians or nurses. Among the 394 hits returned, 39studies met the inclusion criteria of a quantitative measure of empathy or empathy-relatedconstructs linked to patient outcomes.
方法：通过使用多个数据库，对同理心或换位思考或肿瘤病人的医患沟通或医生、护士的末期护理等主题词和条款进行的系统性研究。在返回的394个采集数据里，39个研究符合同理心或同理心相关概念与患者的治疗效果之间相关关联的数量测定的纳入标准。 Results: Empathy was mainly evaluated using patient self-reports and verbal interaction coding.Investigated outcomes were mainly proximal patient satisfaction and psychological adjustment.Clinicians’ empathy was related to higher patient satisfaction and lower distress in retrospectivestudies and when the measure was patient-reported. Coding systems yielded divergent conclusions.Empathy was not related to patient empowerment (e.g. medical knowledge, coping). 结果：同理心主要通过病人自我评价和口头互动的准则进行评价。研究结果主要为病人的基础满意度和心理调节。在系统性回顾或病人自我评价里，临床医生的同理心影响到更高的患者满意度和更低的患者的悲痛感。编码系统产生了不同的结论。同理心同病人的自我激励不相关。 Conclusion: Overall, clinicians’ empathy has beneficial effects according to patient
perceptions.However, in order to disentangle components of the benefits of empathy and provide professionalswith concrete advice, future research should apply different empathy
assessmentapproaches simultaneously, including a perspective-taking task on patients’ expectations andneeds at precise moments. Indeed, clinicians’ understanding of patients’ perspectives is the corecomponent of medical empathy, but it is often assessed only from the patient’s point of view.Clinicians’ evaluations of patients’ perspectives should be studied and compared with patients’reports so that problematic gaps between the two perspectives can be addressed.
结论：总体而言，临床医生的同理心对病人的治疗产生了有益的影响。为了解开同理心的有益作用的各部分组成，给医护的专业人员提供确切的建议，未来的研究方法应该同时适应于不同的同理心评估方法，包括在精确的时刻根据患者的期望的观点采择任务。事实上，对于病人想法的理解是医疗同理心的核心组成，但它往往只从患者的观点来评估。临床医生对于病人观点的评价应该和病人的报告一起对比学习，从而使两者观点之间的差异可以得到处理。
Keywords: systematic review; empathy; outcomes; oncology; cancer 关键词：系统性回顾；同理心；预后；肿瘤；癌症
本文来源：https://www.wddqxz.cn/1380731d312b3169a451a49c.html
2023-03-10
