英译汉4-词汇翻译(2)词类转换

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第三单元 词汇翻译 第二节 词类转换

一、转译为动词

1、带有动作意味的名词

例1. Television is transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves. 例2. The American people demanded his release.

He won praise for his release of the prisoners of war.

例3. The sight and sound of our jet plane filled me with special longing.

例4. I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I. 例5. We are enemies of all aggressive wars.

例6. The next news bulletin, shorter than usual, made no mention of the demonstration.

2、表示动作的介词

例1. A force is needed to move an object against inertia.

例2. The letter I is commonly used for current, E for electromotive force, and R for resistance. 例3. In his early days he abandoned medicine for literature.

3、动词衍生的形容词和表示感觉的形容词 例1. Sugar and salt are both soluble in water. 例2. The Republicans are out, the Democrats in. 例3. They are not sure they can save his life. 例4. She is familiar with English.

二、转译为名词 1、动词

例1. Often property damage and disrupted lives result. 例2. The earth on which we live is shaped like a ball.

例3. Mercury weighs about thirteen times as much as water. 例4. When this happens, the light is said to be reflected.

2、形容词

例1. They did their best to help the sick and the poor. 例2. Stevenson was eloquent and elegant—but soft. 例3. The Wilde family were religious.

3、副词

例1. He is physically weak but mentally sound.

例2. They have not done so well ideologically, as organizationally.

例3. Certainly people in enterprises must be mathematically informed if they are to make wise decision.

三、转译为形容词 1、名词

例1. The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment. 例2. The lower stretches of rivers show considerable variety. 例3. I am a perfect stranger to physics.

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2、副词

例1. The President had prepared meticulously for his journey.

四、转译为副词 1、名词

例1. When he catches a glimpse of potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor.

2、形容词

例1. We took brief, restless naps.

例2. I marveled at the relentless determination of the rain. 例3. This is sheer nonsense.

例4. Buckley was in a clear minority.

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